A scientist of the State University of Utah, in the United States, with the aid of a dutch artist, created a mixture of silk with skin human being capable to resist the detonation of bullets.
Randy Lewis supplied wires supplied for animal-of-silk genetically manipulated the Jalila Essaidi, that confectioned the “superskin” also using skin cells human being. The animals had been modified to produce the silk typical of teias of spiders, that is more resistant.
After tests with projectiles of bore 22, the material if showed resistant to the detonations and it was not breached, despite the bullets have penetrated in part of the layers of the “skin”.
Lewis believes that the silk produced for spiders can help surgeons to cure serious wounds and to create artificial tendões and ligaments in the future. During another study, it already he had applied genes of spiders in goats to get a loaded milk with wide amounts of the responsible protein for the production of the silk.
The olfato as key of intelligence
The scientists already had asked to numerous times why the mammals (also the human beings) had been capable to develop bigger and complex brains that other animals, brains that in some cases had grown more up to ten times than relative the corporal size?
Now, a team of paleontólogos carried through an one study published in the Science magazine, where they creem to have discovered the reason: to facilitate a sensible sharp of the olfato. The secret meets in two miniature mammals of the beginning of the Jurássico with aspect of musaranho.
Researchers of the universities of the Texas and St Mary and the Museum Carnegie de Natural História in Pittsburgh (Pensilvânia) had used one technique of cat scan computorizada with rays X to study the rare fósseis of the skulls of two creatures, the Morganucodon and the Hadrocodium, of 190 million years of antiquity, whose remaining portions had been found in China.
The team discovered that these animals, two of the first known species of mammals, had well bigger brains that the waited one, especially to take in account its scarce corporal mass. The Hadrocodium badly weighed two grams.
The computorizada cat scan allowed the researchers to observe the interior of the skull of these animaizinhos without having that to destroy the valuable fósseis. Later, they had constructed a virtual mold of its brains, that had been compared with another dozen of fósseis and the brains of 200 species of mammals that live currently.
The results, according to scientists, had been surprising. Also it has 190 million years, the brain of the first mammals was especially great (in relation its corpora mass), with a size that if approaches to the ratios seen in the modern mammals.
After observing the three-dimensional images, the scientists had arrived at the conclusion of that the brain of the mammals evolved in three main stages: first he improved the direction of the olfato, later the tato or the sensitivity of the one for the corporal one, that he acted as a controller of the space and, finally, coordination to neuromuscular it.
Second, Zhe-Xi, one of the responsible ones for the article:
- “Our study sample clearly that the olfativa part of the brain and the entailed part to the tactile sensation through the skin if had extended in these first mammals.”
Now, a team of paleontólogos carried through an one study published in the Science magazine, where they creem to have discovered the reason: to facilitate a sensible sharp of the olfato. The secret meets in two miniature mammals of the beginning of the Jurássico with aspect of musaranho.
Researchers of the universities of the Texas and St Mary and the Museum Carnegie de Natural História in Pittsburgh (Pensilvânia) had used one technique of cat scan computorizada with rays X to study the rare fósseis of the skulls of two creatures, the Morganucodon and the Hadrocodium, of 190 million years of antiquity, whose remaining portions had been found in China.
The team discovered that these animals, two of the first known species of mammals, had well bigger brains that the waited one, especially to take in account its scarce corporal mass. The Hadrocodium badly weighed two grams.
The computorizada cat scan allowed the researchers to observe the interior of the skull of these animaizinhos without having that to destroy the valuable fósseis. Later, they had constructed a virtual mold of its brains, that had been compared with another dozen of fósseis and the brains of 200 species of mammals that live currently.
The results, according to scientists, had been surprising. Also it has 190 million years, the brain of the first mammals was especially great (in relation its corpora mass), with a size that if approaches to the ratios seen in the modern mammals.
After observing the three-dimensional images, the scientists had arrived at the conclusion of that the brain of the mammals evolved in three main stages: first he improved the direction of the olfato, later the tato or the sensitivity of the one for the corporal one, that he acted as a controller of the space and, finally, coordination to neuromuscular it.
Second, Zhe-Xi, one of the responsible ones for the article:
- “Our study sample clearly that the olfativa part of the brain and the entailed part to the tactile sensation through the skin if had extended in these first mammals.”
Box keeps heart beating, is of the body
Researchers of the hospital of the University of California (Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center), in U.S.A., had constructed a machine capable to outside keep the heart beating of the human body. Thus, the agency can be still more active time to the wait of the cardiac transplant.
Until the moment, the agencies livings creature were carried from the givers to the patients embedded in the ice in coolants to keep them cool. However, this method alone functions for about six hours, reason for which helicopters, airplanes and ambulances are used to speed up the transport for the country.
Now, a transparent plastic box makes the service. The Organ Care System (OCS) - developed by the TransMedics company - aconchega the heart in the ideal temperature and all supplies it blood, oxygen and nutrients to it necessary to continue beating with security. A connected monitor sample still as the agency is functioning during the transport.
Until the moment, the agencies livings creature were carried from the givers to the patients embedded in the ice in coolants to keep them cool. However, this method alone functions for about six hours, reason for which helicopters, airplanes and ambulances are used to speed up the transport for the country.
Now, a transparent plastic box makes the service. The Organ Care System (OCS) - developed by the TransMedics company - aconchega the heart in the ideal temperature and all supplies it blood, oxygen and nutrients to it necessary to continue beating with security. A connected monitor sample still as the agency is functioning during the transport.
How the salamanders obtain to regenerate its members?
In the nature we can appreciate in greater or minor degree the regenerative capacity. But it has an amphibian that it calls the attention sufficiently and is object of many studies for its capacity to regenerate one of its members some times.
We speak of the salamander. When one of these salamanders loses, for example, a leg, forms on “cotoco” a small lump, called blastema [/url] [/b], that in turn only delay 3 weeks in if transforming into a new completely functional leg, a sufficiently short period if leading more in account that the animal can live 12 years or. In a human being, this would be equivalent to not more than regenerate an arm or leg in 5 months.
When a salamander loses one of its legs, the sanguine vases of “cotoco” if they contract soon: it is scrumbled hemorrhage and a layer of dermic cells recovers the surface quickly. During the following days to the injury, this epidermis is changedded into a layer of emitting cells of indispensable signals for the success of regeneration.
The fibroblastos (cells of the fabric connective that intervines in the cicatrização of wounds) migram and are dislocated for the surface of the cut to be joined in the center of the wound. There the cells of blastema proliferate.
Until it has some few years, gave credit that the cells of blastema were capable to regenerate any fabric. But a study developed for the Center of Regenerative Therapies of Dresde in Germany and published in 2009 it demonstrated that the cells of blastema do not become pluripotenciais during the regeneration of members.
Instead of this, they hold back one strong memory of its fabric of embryonic origin. That is, that the cells of the muscle manufacture muscle and of the cartilage, cartilage. According to researchers, the potential of the cells is restricted and they do not regenerate any type of agency or fabric.
Beyond regeneration, the salamanders make it without they are with sequelas such as scars. To reconstruct weaveeed without leaving scar some is something that also would result very beneficial it Human being, since the fabric cicatricial in certain parts of the anatomy human being can hinder the correct recovery of the functionality same them, beyond the aesthetic questions to show the scars in visible places.
We speak of the salamander. When one of these salamanders loses, for example, a leg, forms on “cotoco” a small lump, called blastema [/url] [/b], that in turn only delay 3 weeks in if transforming into a new completely functional leg, a sufficiently short period if leading more in account that the animal can live 12 years or. In a human being, this would be equivalent to not more than regenerate an arm or leg in 5 months.
When a salamander loses one of its legs, the sanguine vases of “cotoco” if they contract soon: it is scrumbled hemorrhage and a layer of dermic cells recovers the surface quickly. During the following days to the injury, this epidermis is changedded into a layer of emitting cells of indispensable signals for the success of regeneration.
The fibroblastos (cells of the fabric connective that intervines in the cicatrização of wounds) migram and are dislocated for the surface of the cut to be joined in the center of the wound. There the cells of blastema proliferate.
Until it has some few years, gave credit that the cells of blastema were capable to regenerate any fabric. But a study developed for the Center of Regenerative Therapies of Dresde in Germany and published in 2009 it demonstrated that the cells of blastema do not become pluripotenciais during the regeneration of members.
Instead of this, they hold back one strong memory of its fabric of embryonic origin. That is, that the cells of the muscle manufacture muscle and of the cartilage, cartilage. According to researchers, the potential of the cells is restricted and they do not regenerate any type of agency or fabric.
Beyond regeneration, the salamanders make it without they are with sequelas such as scars. To reconstruct weaveeed without leaving scar some is something that also would result very beneficial it Human being, since the fabric cicatricial in certain parts of the anatomy human being can hinder the correct recovery of the functionality same them, beyond the aesthetic questions to show the scars in visible places.
